Methods:
COA Study
- Fathers
1464 twin fathers sampled from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry
All had at least 1 child 12-26 yrs old in 2000
Twin pairs either concordant or discordant for alcohol dependence. Controls were non-alcoholic twin pairs
- Mothers
1,000 biological and/or rearing (i.e. lived regularly with child between ages 6 and 13) mother identified, 864 interviewed
Mothers asked to give permission to interview offspring
- Offspring
Mothers identified and gave permission for 1487 offspring to be interviewed. 1,270 offspring of 730 fathers were interviewed.

A.E. Duncan,Q. Fu, K.K. Bucholz, J.F. Scherrer, T. Jacob and W.R. True